Condenser.



G. M. HARDEN.

GONDENSER. K APPLICATION FILED IBB. 2o, 1909.

Panted Jana 28, i910.

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fz Amann TINTTED STATES PATENT @FFTQE GEORGE IVI. HARDEN, 0FPHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 'lI-IE PHILA- DELPHIA PIPEBENDING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OIF NEW JERSEY.

CONDENSER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led February 2D, 1909.

Patented J une 28, 1910.

Serial No. 479,198.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE M. HARDEN, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, and Stateof Pennsylvania, havevinvented certain new and useful Improvements inCondensers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to condensers which are exposed to the atmosphereand supplied with cooling liquid for condensing hot gases, vapors, orfor other similar purposes.

My invention resides in an atmospheric condenser comprising bothpreliminary and main condensers, such condensers being formed ofcircular, elliptical, oval, or other shaped coils, the preliminary andmain condenser coils being formed of a continuous tube or pipe having nojoints, and the preliminary and main condenser coils being, in fact, onecontinuous j ointless tube or pipe.

By making the condenser coil or coils, in an atmospheric condenser,continuous and without joints, leakage is prevented and the life of thecoil is materially increased, because the eifect is uniform throughoutthe length of the coil or pipe, there being no unequal or uneven effectsat joints. Alternate wetting and drying of jointed coils or pipescontribute materially to shortening the life of the coil or pipe, and bymy arrangement, this difficulty is overcome. Furthermore, by using atrue coil, in an atmospheric condenser, there is a continuous and equaldrainage throughout the entire length of pipe from inlet to outlet,thereby avoiding all pockets of any nature, that is, avoiding any placeswhere condensed liquid or material can stand. By my arrangement, in anatmospheric condenser, continuous and equal drainage is possible whilenot possible in the zig-zag jointed pipe arrangements heretofore used.And since the condenser coils, preliminary or main, are perfectlyuniform and of the same diameters, the cooling liquid strikes all partsuniformly. And since a true coil is employed there is a pitch downwardlywhich causes the cooling liquid to not only drip from convolution toconvolution of the coil, but also allows cooling liquid to run along thecoiled pipe.

My invention resides also in an improved sprinkler, particularlyadaptable in connection with an atmospheric coil condenser.

My invention resides also in other features hereinafter pointed out andclaimed.

For an illustration of some of the forms my invention may take,reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of an atmospheric true coil condenserinvolving my invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of a nest of suchcondensers. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of a nest of such condensers, thecoils being in elongated form.

In Fig. 1, the pipe or header 1 delivers the hot gas, vapor or othermaterial to be condensed or cooled through the valve 2 to the inlet 8 ofthel preliminary condenser which comprises the lower convolutions, thelast convolution of the preliminary condenser being shown at 4. Betweenthe inlet 3 and the end 4 of the preliminary condenser, the pipe or tubeis continuous without any screw-threaded or coupled joints, the exteriorand interior of the pipe being substantially smooth throughout, and thecoil is uniform in diameter. From the end 4 of the preliminary condenserextends a riser 5 which connects to the top convolution 6 of the maincondenser, the last convolution 7 of the main condenser connectingthrough the valve 8 with the discharge or liquid header 9.

The pipe constituting the main and preliminary condensers, is acontinuous jointless one; the riser 5 is integral with the preliminaryand main condenser coils, and forms a jointless connection. Thepreliminary and main condenser coils may be separately made or coiledand then the riser 5 welded to the last convolution 4 of the preliminarycondenser and to the first convolution 6 of the main condenser. From thelast turn 4 of the preliminary condenser extends a trap pipe 10 to theportion 11 of the last turn of the main condenser, so that any materialcondensed in the preliminary condenser may flow directly to the liquidor discharge header 9.

The main and preliminary condenser coils are supported by suitablestandards 12, the different convolutions being suitably supported bytransversely extending pins or bolts. Supported at the top of thestandards 12, is a horizontally disposed sprinkler pipe or other duct 13with which communicate and to which are welded the pipes 14 connectingwith the pipe 15 and through the valve 16 with the water supply pipe 17.These pipes 14 being welded to the duct or pipe 13, permit the pipe orduct 13 to remain perfectly symmetrical or true in configuration tocorrespond exactly with the condenser coils beneath it. If pipe fittingswere used at the junction of the pipes 13 and 14 flattened or irregularplaces would result, with resultant imperfect supply of coolingliquidto' the condenser coils. The duct or pipe 13 is perforated to allow theescape of water, and has preferably a nar row slit 18 in its uppersurface through which the cooling water flows. The water then flows overthe outside of the duct or pipe 13, and thence drips downwardly over thesuccessive convolutions of the main and preliminary condensers, some ofthe water also running lengthwise of the condenser coils, since thesecoils are true coils and have a pitch downwardly. In the gap formedbetween the duct or pipe 13 and the top of the main condenser, which gapis due to the fact that the duct or pipe 13 is horizontal while the coilof the condenser has a pitch, is supported the drip plate 19 rwhich 1sbroadest at the front and gradually narrows down toward the rear. Thisdrip plate is suitably supported, as by clamps 20. Plate 19 directs thecooling water to the top convolution of the main condenser, and

from the top convolution it drips from one convolution to another andalso runs longitudinally of the pipe. A nd between the main andpreliminary condensers, due to the leading out of the pipes 3 and 7,there is formed a gap in which is placed a further drip plate 21suitably supported, as by the clamps 22, to a turn of pipe.

In Fig. 2, three concentric condensers of the type herein described areshown, each being provided with a sprinkler pipe or duct 13. The watersupply pipe 17 is connected to each of these sprinklers 13 by suitableconnections, as, for example, by connections extending downwardly at 45degrees. The pipes 7 forming the terminals of the three main condensersare bent downwardly and then outwardly as shown and terminate insuitable coupling flanges 23. The pipe 7 of the innermost condenser isbent downwardly between the two innermost condensers, and the pipe 7 ofthe middle condenser is bent downwardly between the outer and middlecondensers. The inlet pipes 3 are each provided with a connecting flangeso positioned and directed, that connections 3a to the two innercondensers may extend through the gap corresponding with the gap whichis filled by the drip plate 21 in Fig. 1.

In Fig. 3, the arrangement is similar to that in Fig. 2, except that thecoils are elongated and not round. Each condenser is again supplied witha sprinkler 13 each having the connecting pipes 14, which all connect tothe manifold 24 connectedY to th water supply pipe 17.

In atmospheric condensers heretofore employed, zig-zag connected pipeshave been used with return bend couplings at the ends and water drippedover these pipes. Though such an arrangement has been termed a coil, Iuse such term in its truer sense in connection with coils as hereindescribed.

I believe myself to be the first to use in an atmospheric Ycondenser acontinuous coil of jointlesspipe, over which water is passed both bydripping and by flowing along longitudinally of the condenser pipe, withthe resultant advantages hereinbefore pointed out.

While the condenser hereinbefore described is suitable yfor condensinggaseous refrigerating agents, such as ammonia, it is to be understoodthat it is useful for other purposes as well. And `where used forcondensing ammonia or other gas such as used in refrigeration, thecondenser pipe being coiled and having no pockets, as occur in thezig-zag arrangement, a minimum of refrigerating agent is required for aplant of given output or capacity.

The preliminary and main condensersare shown in Figs. 1 and 2 ascircular in form', the circles being of the same diameter. But whethercircular, elliptical, or of other shapes, the main and preliminarycondensers are made of the same size and shape so that one maybedisposed directly above the other. And it is to be understood thatwhen the main and preliminary condensers are referred to in the claimsas being of the same diameter, such language does not refer only to thecase where the main and preliminaryI condenser coils are circular inshape, but extends to the other cases enumerated.

What I claim is:

1. In a condenser, a preliminary and a main condenser, the preliminaryand main condensers being of the same diameter and disposed one abovethe other and constituted of a continuous jointless helical coil ofpipe, means for supporting said preliminary and main condensers in theopen atmosphere, and means for directing water upon the uppermostconvolutions, whereby water drips from convolution to convolution and,also flows along the helical pipe.

2. In a condenser, preliminary and main condensers, said preliminary andmain condensers each being of the same diameter and formed of acontinuous jointless helical coil of pipe, a connection between saidpreliminary and main condensers forming said preliminary and maincondensercoils into a single continuous jointless pipe, means forsupporting said preliminary and main condenser coils in the openatmosphere, and

'means for directing water upon the uppermost convolutions, wherebywater drips from main to preliminary condensers and from convolution toconvolution and also flows along the helical pipe.

3. In a condenser, preliminary and main condenser coils open to theatmosphere; said preliminary and main condenser coils being disposed oneabove the other and formed of a continuous jointless helical coil ofpipe, a drip plate for directing the water upon said uppermostconvolution, means for directing water upon said drip plate, and a dripplate between the main and preliminary condenser coils.

4. In a condenser, a helically coiled condenser pipe having a downwardpitch, means for supporting said pipe in the open atmosphere, asprinkler comprising a horizontal perforated tube or duct disposed abovesaid coil, and a drip plate conforming to the downward pitch of saidcondenser pipe disposed between said tube or duct and the topconvolution of said coil.

5. In a condenser, a nest of helical coils open to the atmosphere, eachcoil consisting of main and preliminary jointless condenser coils of thesame diameter, gaps between the preliminary and main coils of the outercondenser coils of the nest, connection to the inner condenser coilsextending through said gaps, and a sprinkler for each coil of the nest.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto aliiXed my signature in thepresence of the two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE M. HARDEN.

Witnesses:

ELEANOR T. MCCALL, ANNA E. STEINBooK.

